The AISI 321 alloy possesses high operational characteristics, including resistance to corrosion and high temperatures, making it ideal for use in aggressive environments. This alloy belongs to the category of food-grade stainless materials, which expands its potential applications in both domestic and industrial sectors.
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Foreign analogues of AISI 321 steel (analogue 08Х18Н10Т) |
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| USA | AISI 321, S32100 | |
| Germany | 1.4541, 1.4878, X10CrNiTi18-9, X12CrNiTi18-9, X6CrNiTi18-10 | |
| Japan | SUS321 | |
| France | 321F00, Z6CN18-10, Z6CNT18-10 | |
| England | 321S12, 321S18, 321S20, 321S22, 321S31 | |
| European Union | 1.4541, X10CrNiTi18-10, X6CrNiTi18-10 | |
| Italy | X6CrNiTi18-11, X8CrNiTi1811 | |
| Spain | F.3523, X6CrNiTi18-10 | |
| China | 0Cr18Ni11Ti, 1Cr18Ni9Ti, OCr18Ni10Ti | |
| Sweden | 2337 | |
| Poland | 0H18N10T, 1H18N10T, 1H18N9T | |
| Czech Republic | 17246, 17247, 17248 | |
| Austria | X6CrNiTi18-10S, X6CrNiTi1810K-KW | |
| Ukraine | 08Х18Н10Т | |
Composition, Technical Specifications, and Features of AISI 321 Steel
AISI 321 steel is a highly alloyed chromium-nickel alloy with increased oxidation resistance. According to American classification, this alloy belongs to austenitic stainless steels, as indicated by the number 3 in its designation. Other numbers indicate the sequential number within its category of alloys with similar compositions.
The term "AISI" in the designation stands for the abbreviation of the American Institute of Steel and Metals, which develops technical quality standards for various grades of colored, black, and stainless steel products primarily used in the domestic market of the USA.
The chemical composition of AISI 321 steel is quite complex due to the presence of numerous components. The basis of the alloy consists of three main metals - iron (approximately 65%), chromium (17-19%), and nickel (9-11%). Additional elements include manganese (up to 2%), titanium (up to 1%), silicon (up to 0.8%), and copper (up to 0.3%). The proportion of other elements (such as sulfur, phosphorus, carbon) collectively amounts to about 0.01%, which has no significant influence on the technical and operational characteristics of the alloy.
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Chemical composition in % of AISI 321 steel (similar to 08Х18Н10Т) |
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| C | to 0.08 |
| Si | up to 0.8 |
| Mn | to 2 |
| No | 9 - 11 |
| S | to 0.02 |
| P | to 0.035 |
| Cr | 17 - 19 |
| Cu | up to 0.3 |
| Fe | ~65 |
Key technical specifications of AISI 321 steel at room temperature are as follows:
- Tensile strength: The allowable tensile stress is not less than 515 MPa, with a typical value of 580 MPa.
- Hardness (Brinell scale): Approximately 163 units.
- Density: Ranges from 7900 to 8200 kg/m³, considered one of the highest among austenitic stainless alloys.
- Yield strength: Ranges from 200 MPa (hot-rolled) to 220 MPa (cold-rolled).
The chemical composition of AISI 321 directly influences its operational properties. The presence of titanium facilitates ease of welding and prevents intergranular corrosion, making welded joints monolithic and not requiring additional processing.
Applications of AISI 321 and its equivalents vary across different countries. This alloy finds wide application in oil refining, machinery manufacturing, food, and chemical industries. Products made from AISI 321 can be operated at temperatures ranging from 600 to 800 degrees Celsius without altering their technical characteristics.
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Mechanical properties of AISI 321 steel (similar to 08Х18Н10Т) at T=20oС |
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| Rolling | Size | For example | σv (MPa) | sT (MPa) | δ5 (%) | ψ % | KCU (kJ / m2) |
| circle stainless | F 60 | 490 | 196 | 40 | 55 | ||
| stainless steel sheet | 520 | 210 | 43 | ||||
| the wire is annealed. | F 8 | 1400-1600 | 20 | ||||
| pipes are stainless | 510 | 40 | |||||
| Forgings | 490 | 196 | 35 | 40 | |||
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Physical properties of AISI 321 steel (similar to 08Х18Н10Т) |
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| T (Grad) | E 10-5 (MPa) | a 10 6 (1/Degree) | l (W/(m·grad)) | r (kg/m3) | C (J/(kg·degree)) | R 10 9 (Ohm) |
| 20 | 1.96 | 7900 | ||||
| 100 | 16.1 | 16 | ||||
| 200 | 18 | |||||
| 300 | 17.4 | 19 | ||||
| 400 | ||||||
| 500 | 18.2 | |||||